International debt issues to GDP (%) in Estonia
Estonia: International debt issues to GDP (%) was 10.4% in 2020. ▲ Rising
International debt issues to GDP in Estonia, 1996–2020
Source: Bank for International Settlements (BIS). Measured in %.
Analysis
The most recent figure for international debt issues to gdp in Estonia is 10.4%, measured in 2020. That is the highest value across all 25 years on record.
That represents a change of up 173.9% on the previous year and up 321.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, international debt issues to gdp in Estonia peaked at 10.4% in 2020 and was at its lowest, 0.8%, in 1996.
That places Estonia 93rd out of 116 countries with data for 2020, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 25 years of available data.
International debt issues to GDP (%) in Estonia, year by year
| Year | % | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1996 | 0.8% | — |
| 1997 | 4.8% | +488.1% |
| 1998 | 4.5% | -5.1% |
| 1999 | 3.8% | -15.6% |
| 2000 | 2.8% | -28.1% |
| 2001 | 1.7% | -39.8% |
| 2002 | 4.5% | +171.8% |
| 2003 | 4.0% | -11.7% |
| 2004 | 3.7% | -7.6% |
| 2005 | 4.1% | +11.1% |
| 2006 | 3.4% | -17.8% |
| 2007 | 2.4% | -29.7% |
| 2008 | 2.1% | -12.8% |
| 2009 | 2.6% | +28.4% |
| 2010 | 2.5% | -6.8% |
| 2011 | 3.3% | +32.4% |
| 2012 | 5.1% | +55.3% |
| 2013 | 5.5% | +7.4% |
| 2014 | 4.8% | -11.6% |
| 2015 | 7.3% | +52.3% |
| 2016 | 6.8% | -7.6% |
| 2017 | 6.9% | +1.4% |
| 2018 | 3.9% | -42.7% |
| 2019 | 3.8% | -3.7% |
| 2020 | 10.4% | +173.9% |
Estonia compared with similar countries
- Estonia's 10.4% is below the median for high income countries, which is 41.4%, 25% of the median. (54 countries reporting)
- Estonia's 10.4% is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 27.0%, 39% of the median. (42 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where International debt issues to GDP (%) in Estonia changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1997 | +488.1% | 0.8% | 4.8% |
| 2020 | +173.9% | 3.8% | 10.4% |
| 2002 | +171.8% | 1.7% | 4.5% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 3.5% | 0.8% | 4.8% | 4 |
| 2000s | 3.1% | 1.7% | 4.5% | 10 |
| 2010s | 5.0% | 2.5% | 7.3% | 10 |
| 2020s | 10.4% | 10.4% | 10.4% | 1 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
More financial sector data for Estonia
- Reserve position in the IMF, US dollar, annual growth rate 8.55 % change on previous year (2025)
- Reserve position in the IMF, US dollar, per unit of GDP 0.0018 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Reserve position in the IMF, US dollar, per capita 63.05 units per person (2025)
- Reserve position in the IMF, SDR, annual growth rate 3.37 % change on previous year (2025)
- Reserve position in the IMF, SDR, per unit of GDP 0.0013 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Reserve position in the IMF, SDR, per capita 46.04 units per person (2025)
- Reserve tranche position, US dollar, annual growth rate 8.55 % change on previous year (2025)
- Reserve tranche position, US dollar, per unit of GDP 0.0018 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Reserve tranche position, US dollar, per capita 63.05 units per person (2025)
- Reserve tranche position, SDR, annual growth rate 3.37 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is international debt issues to gdp in Estonia?
- International debt issues to gdp in Estonia was 10.4% in 2020, according to Bank for International Settlements (BIS).
- What is the highest international debt issues to gdp recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 10.4% in 2020.
- What is the lowest international debt issues to gdp recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 0.8% in 1996.
- How does Estonia rank for international debt issues to gdp?
- Estonia ranks 93rd out of 116 countries with data for 2020.
- Is international debt issues to gdp rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 321.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from Bank for International Settlements (BIS), published as part of International debt issues to GDP (%). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Total value of outstanding international debt issues both public and private, as a share of GDP. Offshore bank loan data from BIS Statistical Appendix Table 12A (Amount Outstanding): International debt securities - all issuers.