Pension fund assets to GDP (%) by country
Ratio of assets of pension funds to GDP. A pension fund is any plan, fund, or scheme that provides retirement income. Data taken from a variety of sources such as OECD, AIOS, FIAP and national sources.
Countries reporting
87
Highest
196.5%
Denmark
Lowest
0.1%
Ukraine
Median
13.5%
Years covered
31
1990–2020
Data points
1,492
What the numbers show
Pension fund assets to GDP (%) is currently reported for 87 countries. The highest value is 196.5% in Denmark; the lowest is 0.1% in Ukraine.
The median across all reporting countries is 13.5%, and the mean is 35.0%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2,361.
Over the past decade 74 countries rose and 11 fell. The largest increase was in Malta (up 10,690.2%), and the largest decrease in Hungary (down 72.5%).
Pension fund assets to GDP: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Denmark | 196.5% | 2018 | up 33.7% | volatile |
| 2 | Netherlands | 191.2% | 2019 | up 72.3% | rising |
| 3 | Canada | 179.7% | 2020 | up 45.5% | rising |
| 4 | Iceland | 173.4% | 2019 | up 46.1% | rising |
| 5 | United States | 169.5% | 2020 | up 41.7% | rising |
| 6 | Switzerland | 166.0% | 2020 | up 68.2% | rising |
| 7 | Australia | 132.6% | 2020 | up 51.5% | rising |
| 8 | United Kingdom | 124.2% | 2020 | up 74.8% | rising |
| 9 | Sweden | 108.9% | 2020 | up 107.1% | volatile |
| 10 | Namibia | 100.4% | 2020 | up 29.8% | rising |
| 11 | South Africa | 83.8% | 2018 | up 11.0% | flat |
| 12 | Chile | 75.8% | 2020 | up 21.6% | rising |
| 13 | Israel | 68.9% | 2020 | up 51.6% | rising |
| 14 | Finland | 64.4% | 2020 | down 26.1% | flat |
| 15 | Malaysia | 61.2% | 2019 | up 22.0% | rising |
| 16 | Bolivia | 57.2% | 2020 | up 109.6% | volatile |
| 17 | Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China | 54.8% | 2020 | up 60.0% | rising |
| 18 | Malta | 54.1% | 2020 | up 10,690.2% | volatile |
| 19 | El Salvador | 50.3% | 2020 | up 63.1% | volatile |
| 20 | Singapore | 42.2% | 2020 | up 140.7% | rising |
| 21 | Belgium | 39.9% | 2020 | up 65.1% | volatile |
| 22 | Costa Rica | 36.8% | 2020 | up 400.7% | volatile |
| 23 | Trinidad and Tobago | 36.5% | 2020 | up 84.6% | rising |
| 24 | Ireland | 35.5% | 2020 | down 21.3% | flat |
| 25 | Colombia | 34.5% | 2020 | up 69.8% | volatile |
| 26 | New Zealand | 34.4% | 2020 | up 142.9% | rising |
| 27 | Jordan | 33.9% | 2006 | — | rising |
| 28 | Croatia, Republic of | 33.8% | 2020 | up 194.8% | volatile |
| 29 | Jamaica | 33.7% | 2020 | up 49.8% | rising |
| 30 | Korea | 31.5% | 2020 | up 127.5% | volatile |
| 31 | Japan | 30.1% | 2020 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 32 | Uruguay | 30.0% | 2020 | up 80.4% | volatile |
| 33 | Maldives | 24.7% | 2020 | up 198.8% | rising |
| 34 | Peru | 23.1% | 2020 | up 11.5% | rising |
| 35 | Estonia, Republic of | 21.8% | 2020 | up 142.1% | volatile |
| 36 | Mexico | 20.4% | 2020 | up 97.0% | rising |
| 37 | Latvia | 19.3% | 2020 | up 161.9% | volatile |
| 38 | Papua New Guinea | 19.0% | 2020 | up 8.3% | rising |
| 39 | Kazakhstan, Republic of | 15.4% | 2020 | up 48.8% | rising |
| 40 | Dominican Republic | 14.5% | 2020 | up 217.9% | volatile |
| 41 | Bulgaria | 14.4% | 2020 | up 170.7% | volatile |
| 42 | Slovak Republic | 14.3% | 2020 | up 101.0% | rising |
| 43 | Brazil | 13.9% | 2020 | down 3.8% | flat |
| 44 | North Macedonia, Republic of | 13.5% | 2020 | up 372.3% | volatile |
| 45 | Kenya | 13.3% | 2020 | down 2.4% | rising |
| 46 | Suriname | 13.0% | 2019 | up 29.7% | rising |
| 47 | Italy | 12.6% | 2020 | up 139.7% | volatile |
| 48 | Norway | 12.3% | 2020 | up 64.8% | rising |
| 49 | France | 12.2% | 2020 | up 43.7% | rising |
| 50 | Malawi | 11.7% | 2020 | up 96.7% | rising |
| 51 | Portugal | 11.5% | 2020 | down 2.2% | falling |
| 52 | Mauritius | 11.1% | 2019 | up 464.1% | volatile |
| 53 | Spain | 10.5% | 2020 | up 31.3% | rising |
| 54 | Argentina | 10.5% | 2007 | up 248.4% | rising |
| 55 | Lithuania | 9.8% | 2020 | up 141.8% | volatile |
| 56 | Czech Republic | 9.5% | 2020 | up 63.5% | rising |
| 57 | India | 9.3% | 2020 | up 128.9% | rising |
| 58 | Uganda | 9.0% | 2020 | up 115.4% | rising |
| 59 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 8.3% | 2017 | — | rising |
| 60 | Germany | 8.2% | 2020 | up 49.9% | rising |
| 61 | Thailand | 8.1% | 2020 | up 51.9% | rising |
| 62 | Slovenia, Republic of | 8.0% | 2020 | up 37.4% | rising |
| 63 | Nigeria | 8.0% | 2020 | up 118.0% | rising |
| 64 | Romania | 7.4% | 2020 | up 738.8% | volatile |
| 65 | Guyana | 7.1% | 2020 | up 87.1% | rising |
| 66 | Austria | 6.6% | 2020 | up 30.6% | rising |
| 67 | Poland | 6.4% | 2020 | down 58.0% | rising |
| 68 | Armenia, Republic of | 6.0% | 2020 | up 2,275.8% | volatile |
| 69 | Ghana | 5.5% | 2020 | up 228.7% | rising |
| 70 | Russian Federation | 4.3% | 2020 | up 139.5% | rising |
| 71 | Hungary | 4.0% | 2020 | down 72.5% | volatile |
| 72 | Türkiye, Republic of | 3.4% | 2020 | up 232.5% | volatile |
| 73 | Luxembourg | 2.8% | 2020 | up 51.3% | rising |
| 74 | Zambia | 2.8% | 2020 | up 2.0% | falling |
| 75 | Philippines | 2.8% | 2018 | down 3.3% | falling |
| 76 | China, People's Republic of | 2.2% | 2020 | up 219.3% | volatile |
| 77 | Indonesia | 2.0% | 2020 | up 8.3% | falling |
| 78 | Angola | 1.6% | 2020 | up 191.3% | rising |
| 79 | Egypt, Arab Republic of | 1.5% | 2020 | down 30.9% | falling |
| 80 | Mozambique, Republic of | 1.2% | 2020 | up 1,961.9% | volatile |
| 81 | Panama | 1.2% | 2020 | up 121.5% | rising |
| 82 | Greece | 1.0% | 2020 | up 4,104.8% | volatile |
| 83 | Serbia, Republic of | 0.9% | 2020 | up 181.5% | volatile |
| 84 | Honduras | 0.2% | 2019 | down 40.0% | volatile |
| 85 | Albania | 0.2% | 2020 | up 792.4% | volatile |
| 86 | Pakistan | 0.1% | 2020 | up 820.8% | volatile |
| 87 | Ukraine | 0.1% | 2020 | down 36.8% | volatile |
About this data
Ratio of assets of pension funds to GDP. A pension fund is any plan, fund, or scheme that provides retirement income. Data taken from a variety of sources such as OECD, AIOS, FIAP and national sources.