Reserve assets (Assets, Positions, US dollar) in United States
United States: Reserve assets (Assets, Positions, US dollar) was 1.40 trillion US dollar in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Reserve assets in United States, 1976–2025
Source: International Monetary Fund. Measured in US dollar.
Analysis
The most recent figure for reserve assets in United States is 1.40 trillion US dollar, measured in 2025. That is the highest value across all 50 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 52.7% on the previous year and up 263.8% over ten years.
Over the whole period, reserve assets in United States peaked at 1.40 trillion US dollar in 2025 and was at its lowest, 44.09 billion US dollar, in 1976.
That places United States 2nd out of 173 countries with data for 2025, putting it in the top 10%.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Reserve assets (Assets, Positions, US dollar) in United States, year by year
| Year | US dollar | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1976 | 44.09 billion US dollar | — |
| 1977 | 53.38 billion US dollar | +21.1% |
| 1978 | 69.45 billion US dollar | +30.1% |
| 1979 | 143.26 billion US dollar | +106.3% |
| 1980 | 171.41 billion US dollar | +19.7% |
| 1981 | 124.57 billion US dollar | -27.3% |
| 1982 | 143.44 billion US dollar | +15.2% |
| 1983 | 123.11 billion US dollar | -14.2% |
| 1984 | 105.04 billion US dollar | -14.7% |
| 1985 | 117.93 billion US dollar | +12.3% |
| 1986 | 139.88 billion US dollar | +18.6% |
| 1987 | 162.37 billion US dollar | +16.1% |
| 1988 | 144.18 billion US dollar | -11.2% |
| 1989 | 168.71 billion US dollar | +17.0% |
| 1990 | 174.66 billion US dollar | +3.5% |
| 1991 | 159.22 billion US dollar | -8.8% |
| 1992 | 147.44 billion US dollar | -7.4% |
| 1993 | 164.94 billion US dollar | +11.9% |
| 1994 | 163.39 billion US dollar | -0.9% |
| 1995 | 176.06 billion US dollar | +7.8% |
| 1996 | 160.74 billion US dollar | -8.7% |
| 1997 | 134.84 billion US dollar | -16.1% |
| 1998 | 146.01 billion US dollar | +8.3% |
| 1999 | 136.42 billion US dollar | -6.6% |
| 2000 | 128.40 billion US dollar | -5.9% |
| 2001 | 129.96 billion US dollar | +1.2% |
| 2002 | 158.60 billion US dollar | +22.0% |
| 2003 | 183.58 billion US dollar | +15.7% |
| 2004 | 189.59 billion US dollar | +3.3% |
| 2005 | 188.04 billion US dollar | -0.8% |
| 2006 | 219.85 billion US dollar | +16.9% |
| 2007 | 277.21 billion US dollar | +26.1% |
| 2008 | 293.73 billion US dollar | +6.0% |
| 2009 | 403.80 billion US dollar | +37.5% |
| 2010 | 488.67 billion US dollar | +21.0% |
| 2011 | 537.04 billion US dollar | +9.9% |
| 2012 | 572.37 billion US dollar | +6.6% |
| 2013 | 448.33 billion US dollar | -21.7% |
| 2014 | 434.25 billion US dollar | -3.1% |
| 2015 | 383.60 billion US dollar | -11.7% |
| 2016 | 405.79 billion US dollar | +5.8% |
| 2017 | 449.70 billion US dollar | +10.8% |
| 2018 | 449.07 billion US dollar | -0.1% |
| 2019 | 514.41 billion US dollar | +14.6% |
| 2020 | 627.31 billion US dollar | +21.9% |
| 2021 | 712.33 billion US dollar | +13.6% |
| 2022 | 706.91 billion US dollar | -0.8% |
| 2023 | 777.45 billion US dollar | +10.0% |
| 2024 | 913.58 billion US dollar | +17.5% |
| 2025 | 1.40 trillion US dollar | +52.7% |
United States compared with similar countries
- United States's 1.40 trillion US dollar is above the median for high income countries, which is 26.00 billion US dollar, 53.7× the median. (64 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Reserve assets (Assets, Positions, US dollar) in United States changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1979 | +106.3% | 69.45 billion US dollar | 143.26 billion US dollar |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 77.55 billion US dollar | 44.09 billion US dollar | 143.26 billion US dollar | 4 |
| 1980s | 140.06 billion US dollar | 105.04 billion US dollar | 171.41 billion US dollar | 10 |
| 1990s | 156.37 billion US dollar | 134.84 billion US dollar | 176.06 billion US dollar | 10 |
| 2000s | 217.28 billion US dollar | 128.40 billion US dollar | 403.80 billion US dollar | 10 |
| 2010s | 468.32 billion US dollar | 383.60 billion US dollar | 572.37 billion US dollar | 10 |
| 2020s | 855.49 billion US dollar | 627.31 billion US dollar | 1.40 trillion US dollar | 6 |
Countries ranked near United States
More financial sector data for United States
- Reserve position in the IMF, US dollar, annual growth rate 17.82 % change on previous year (2025)
- Reserve position in the IMF, US dollar, per unit of GDP 0.001 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Reserve position in the IMF, US dollar, per capita 89.64 units per person (2025)
- Reserve position in the IMF, SDR, annual growth rate 12.2 % change on previous year (2025)
- Reserve position in the IMF, SDR, per unit of GDP 0.0007 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Reserve position in the IMF, SDR, per capita 65.46 units per person (2025)
- Reserve tranche position, US dollar, annual growth rate 17.82 % change on previous year (2025)
- Reserve tranche position, US dollar, per unit of GDP 0.001 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Reserve tranche position, US dollar, per capita 89.64 units per person (2025)
- Reserve tranche position, SDR, annual growth rate 12.2 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is reserve assets in United States?
- Reserve assets in United States was 1.40 trillion US dollar in 2025, according to International Monetary Fund.
- What is the highest reserve assets recorded in United States?
- The highest recorded value was 1.40 trillion US dollar in 2025.
- What is the lowest reserve assets recorded in United States?
- The lowest recorded value was 44.09 billion US dollar in 1976.
- How does United States rank for reserve assets?
- United States ranks 2nd out of 173 countries with data for 2025.
- Is reserve assets rising or falling in United States?
- Over the last ten years it is up 263.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this United States data come from?
- The figures come from International Monetary Fund, published as part of Reserve assets (Assets, Positions, US dollar). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
The International Investment Position (IIP) is a statistical statement that shows at a point in time the value of financial assets of residents of an economy that are claims on nonresidents or are gold bullion held as reserve assets; and the liabilities of residents of an economy to nonresidents.