Reserve assets (Assets, Positions, US dollar) by country
The International Investment Position (IIP) is a statistical statement that shows at a point in time the value of financial assets of residents of an economy that are claims on nonresidents or are gold bullion held as reserve assets; and the liabilities of residents of an economy to nonresidents.
Countries reporting
172
Highest
3.74 trillion US dollar
China
Lowest
0 US dollar
Palau
Median
6.35 billion US dollar
Years covered
78
1948–2025
Data points
4,530
What the numbers show
Reserve assets (Assets, Positions, US dollar) is currently reported for 172 countries. The highest value is 3.74 trillion US dollar in China; the lowest is 0 US dollar in Palau.
The median across all reporting countries is 6.35 billion US dollar, and the mean is 99.98 billion US dollar.
Over the past decade 143 countries rose and 29 fell. The largest increase was in Tajikistan (up 1,194.0%), and the largest decrease in Palau (down 100.0%).
Reserve assets: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 3.74 trillion US dollar | 2025 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 2 | United States | 1.40 trillion US dollar | 2025 | up 263.8% | volatile |
| 3 | Japan | 1.37 trillion US dollar | 2025 | up 10.9% | rising |
| 4 | Switzerland | 1.07 trillion US dollar | 2025 | up 77.3% | volatile |
| 5 | Russia | 754.85 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 104.9% | volatile |
| 6 | India | 687.42 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 97.1% | volatile |
| 7 | Germany | 566.11 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 225.9% | volatile |
| 8 | Saudi Arabia | 460.23 billion US dollar | 2025 | down 25.3% | falling |
| 9 | Italy | 429.55 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 228.5% | volatile |
| 10 | South Korea | 428.06 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 16.3% | volatile |
| 11 | Hong Kong | 427.91 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 19.3% | volatile |
| 12 | France | 423.98 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 206.9% | volatile |
| 13 | Singapore | 409.88 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 65.1% | volatile |
| 14 | Brazil | 358.23 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 0.5% | rising |
| 15 | Thailand | 281.87 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 80.1% | volatile |
| 16 | Poland | 271.12 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 185.6% | volatile |
| 17 | Mexico | 256.20 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 44.3% | rising |
| 18 | Israel | 229.51 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 153.4% | volatile |
| 19 | United Kingdom | 214.10 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 65.0% | volatile |
| 20 | Turkey | 184.02 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 66.5% | volatile |
| 21 | Czechia | 176.40 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 173.5% | volatile |
| 22 | Indonesia | 156.47 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 47.7% | rising |
| 23 | Spain | 128.09 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 137.4% | volatile |
| 24 | Canada | 127.79 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 60.2% | volatile |
| 25 | Malaysia | 125.64 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 31.8% | volatile |
| 26 | Netherlands | 117.08 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 195.9% | volatile |
| 27 | Philippines | 110.83 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 37.4% | volatile |
| 28 | Denmark | 106.89 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 65.2% | volatile |
| 29 | Romania | 90.44 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 133.6% | volatile |
| 30 | Peru | 90.26 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 46.7% | volatile |
| 31 | Norway | 85.54 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 48.2% | volatile |
| 32 | Algeria | 84.23 billion US dollar | 2024 | down 54.9% | falling |
| 33 | South Africa | 75.87 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 65.2% | volatile |
| 34 | Australia | 75.26 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 52.8% | rising |
| 35 | Sweden | 75.06 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 29.0% | volatile |
| 36 | Portugal | 68.16 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 251.4% | rising |
| 37 | Uzbekistan | 66.31 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 172.8% | volatile |
| 38 | Colombia | 65.74 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 42.2% | volatile |
| 39 | Iraq | 65.65 billion US dollar | 2014 | up 227.6% | rising |
| 40 | Kazakhstan | 65.41 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 134.7% | volatile |
| 41 | Hungary | 58.96 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 78.0% | volatile |
| 42 | Ukraine | 57.30 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 330.8% | volatile |
| 43 | Belgium | 55.98 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 132.3% | rising |
| 44 | Austria | 52.93 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 138.0% | rising |
| 45 | Chile | 49.47 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 28.0% | rising |
| 46 | Egypt | 48.88 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 207.7% | rising |
| 47 | Morocco | 48.52 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 110.9% | rising |
| 48 | Bulgaria | 47.14 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 112.7% | volatile |
| 49 | Nigeria | 45.75 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 61.8% | falling |
| 50 | Argentina | 41.09 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 60.8% | rising |
| 51 | Kuwait | 40.82 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 44.2% | rising |
| 52 | Serbia | 34.08 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 201.7% | rising |
| 53 | Bangladesh | 28.59 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 4.0% | volatile |
| 54 | Oman | 28.42 billion US dollar | 2024 | down 16.0% | falling |
| 55 | New Zealand | 28.17 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 91.6% | rising |
| 56 | Cambodia | 27.53 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 305.6% | volatile |
| 57 | Pakistan | 26.46 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 36.2% | rising |
| 58 | Guatemala | 24.42 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 233.1% | volatile |
| 59 | Greece | 23.84 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 295.6% | volatile |
| 60 | Finland | 22.38 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 111.6% | volatile |
| 61 | Jordan | 21.90 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 36.7% | volatile |
| 62 | Uruguay | 18.99 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 21.5% | volatile |
| 63 | Slovakia | 18.10 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 529.9% | volatile |
| 64 | Costa Rica | 17.09 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 118.1% | rising |
| 65 | Nepal | 16.16 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 160.6% | rising |
| 66 | Angola | 15.90 billion US dollar | 2025 | down 34.9% | volatile |
| 67 | Dominican Republic | 14.70 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 179.2% | volatile |
| 68 | Belarus | 14.42 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 245.4% | volatile |
| 69 | Ireland | 12.67 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 631.8% | volatile |
| 70 | Paraguay | 11.00 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 77.4% | volatile |
| 71 | Venezuela | 10.99 billion US dollar | 2016 | down 70.6% | rising |
| 72 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 10.95 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 128.6% | rising |
| 73 | Cote d'Ivoire | 10.49 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 132.1% | volatile |
| 74 | Mauritius | 10.29 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 141.6% | volatile |
| 75 | Honduras | 10.21 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 171.8% | volatile |
| 76 | Kenya | 10.07 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 25.6% | rising |
| 77 | Ecuador | 9.80 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 292.6% | volatile |
| 78 | Afghanistan | 9.73 billion US dollar | 2020 | up 89.1% | rising |
| 79 | Tunisia | 9.18 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 19.8% | rising |
| 80 | Ghana | 8.98 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 79.7% | rising |
| 81 | Albania | 8.59 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 173.9% | rising |
| 82 | Iceland | 7.73 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 53.5% | volatile |
| 83 | Lithuania | 7.09 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 317.9% | volatile |
| 84 | Mongolia | 7.01 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 429.4% | rising |
| 85 | Azerbaijan | 6.47 billion US dollar | 2008 | up 857.0% | volatile |
| 86 | Tajikistan | 6.40 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 1,194.0% | volatile |
| 87 | Jamaica | 6.30 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 116.3% | rising |
| 88 | Georgia | 6.16 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 89 | Sri Lanka | 6.12 billion US dollar | 2024 | down 25.4% | falling |
| 90 | Latvia | 6.08 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 76.4% | volatile |
| 91 | Moldova | 6.01 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 241.9% | volatile |
| 92 | Uganda | 5.99 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 112.5% | rising |
| 93 | Myanmar | 5.91 billion US dollar | 2019 | up 10.9% | volatile |
| 94 | Nicaragua | 5.82 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 171.0% | volatile |
| 95 | North Macedonia | 5.79 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 134.3% | volatile |
| 96 | Tanzania | 5.78 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 31.8% | volatile |
| 97 | Zambia | 5.70 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 157.3% | volatile |
| 98 | Trinidad and Tobago | 5.37 billion US dollar | 2025 | down 45.9% | falling |
| 99 | Cameroon | 5.14 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 60.4% | rising |
| 100 | Armenia | 5.09 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 186.6% | volatile |
| 101 | Kyrgyzstan | 4.92 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 200.2% | volatile |
| 102 | El Salvador | 4.81 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 72.8% | rising |
| 103 | Bahrain | 4.57 billion US dollar | 2024 | down 24.7% | volatile |
| 104 | Senegal | 4.24 billion US dollar | 2021 | up 115.8% | volatile |
| 105 | Panama | 4.08 billion US dollar | 2025 | down 1.6% | volatile |
| 106 | Mozambique | 3.80 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 23.8% | rising |
| 107 | Bolivia | 3.71 billion US dollar | 2025 | down 71.6% | volatile |
| 108 | Botswana | 3.63 billion US dollar | 2025 | down 52.0% | falling |
| 109 | Slovenia | 3.55 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 314.1% | volatile |
| 110 | Croatia | 3.34 billion US dollar | 2024 | down 78.3% | volatile |
| 111 | Namibia | 3.10 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 104.6% | volatile |
| 112 | Luxembourg | 3.06 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 296.7% | volatile |
| 113 | Cyprus | 2.92 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 262.4% | volatile |
| 114 | Haiti | 2.67 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 43.8% | volatile |
| 115 | Estonia | 2.44 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 488.2% | volatile |
| 116 | Rwanda | 2.41 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 154.4% | rising |
| 117 | Montenegro | 2.20 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 176.8% | rising |
| 118 | Madagascar | 2.13 billion US dollar | 2022 | up 102.8% | rising |
| 119 | West Bank and Gaza | 1.82 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 214.1% | rising |
| 120 | Togo | 1.66 billion US dollar | 2020 | up 130.7% | volatile |
| 121 | Sudan | 1.63 billion US dollar | 2021 | up 274.6% | volatile |
| 122 | Suriname | 1.62 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 389.3% | rising |
| 123 | Fiji | 1.58 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 74.0% | rising |
| 124 | Kosovo | 1.52 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 96.9% | rising |
| 125 | Aruba | 1.49 billion US dollar | 2023 | up 123.8% | volatile |
| 126 | Burkina Faso | 1.44 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 378.5% | volatile |
| 127 | Malta | 1.43 billion US dollar | 2024 | up 130.4% | volatile |
| 128 | Curacao | 1.32 billion US dollar | 2021 | down 19.9% | falling |
| 129 | Kiribati | 1.32 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 113.2% | rising |
| 130 | Cape Verde | 1.25 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 152.3% | rising |
| 131 | Lesotho | 1.19 billion US dollar | 2025 | up 32.4% | rising |
| 132 | Niger | 1.04 billion US dollar | 2024 | down 19.6% | volatile |
| 133 | Guinea | 941.86 million US dollar | 2024 | up 33.7% | volatile |
| 134 | Guyana | 934.78 million US dollar | 2022 | up 56.6% | rising |
| 135 | East Timor | 806.42 million US dollar | 2025 | up 84.2% | rising |
| 136 | Mali | 789.22 million US dollar | 2023 | down 39.1% | rising |
| 137 | Seychelles | 773.68 million US dollar | 2024 | up 67.0% | rising |
| 138 | Eswatini | 741.80 million US dollar | 2025 | up 36.2% | volatile |
| 139 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 708.89 million US dollar | 2020 | down 57.9% | falling |
| 140 | Solomon Islands | 683.13 million US dollar | 2023 | up 29.5% | rising |
| 141 | Vanuatu | 636.31 million US dollar | 2022 | up 249.2% | volatile |
| 142 | Samoa | 598.37 million US dollar | 2025 | up 433.0% | volatile |
| 143 | Barbados | 596.34 million US dollar | 2013 | down 31.9% | falling |
| 144 | Liberia | 594.88 million US dollar | 2024 | up 16.9% | rising |
| 145 | Bhutan | 553.78 million US dollar | 2023 | down 39.7% | rising |
| 146 | Andorra | 468.46 million US dollar | 2025 | up 811.1% | rising |
| 147 | Benin | 452.80 million US dollar | 2023 | down 34.5% | rising |
| 148 | Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | 441.50 million US dollar | 2021 | down 19.9% | falling |
| 149 | Sierra Leone | 433.27 million US dollar | 2024 | down 22.0% | volatile |
| 150 | Saint Lucia | 427.55 million US dollar | 2025 | up 34.6% | rising |
| 151 | Guinea-Bissau | 418.58 million US dollar | 2024 | up 45.2% | volatile |
| 152 | Tonga | 402.27 million US dollar | 2024 | up 162.3% | rising |
| 153 | Grenada | 378.43 million US dollar | 2025 | up 91.1% | rising |
| 154 | Antigua and Barbuda | 351.97 million US dollar | 2025 | down 1.1% | rising |
| 155 | Djibouti | 347.20 million US dollar | 2024 | down 11.5% | volatile |
| 156 | Maldives | 335.47 million US dollar | 2011 | up 255.8% | volatile |
| 157 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 279.67 million US dollar | 2025 | down 3.0% | falling |
| 158 | Cayman Islands | 278.01 million US dollar | 2024 | up 115.2% | rising |
| 159 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 259.23 million US dollar | 2025 | up 50.1% | rising |
| 160 | Bermuda | 211.49 million US dollar | 2023 | up 39.3% | rising |
| 161 | Mauritania | 206.25 million US dollar | 1998 | up 241.6% | rising |
| 162 | Malawi | 149.86 million US dollar | 2024 | down 74.3% | volatile |
| 163 | Dominica | 149.34 million US dollar | 2025 | up 18.3% | rising |
| 164 | Anguilla | 146.07 million US dollar | 2025 | up 203.4% | rising |
| 165 | Micronesia (country) | 93.68 million US dollar | 2014 | up 76.3% | rising |
| 166 | Tuvalu | 84.64 million US dollar | 2023 | up 141.1% | volatile |
| 167 | Burundi | 70.25 million US dollar | 2018 | down 73.6% | volatile |
| 168 | Nauru | 52.23 million US dollar | 2024 | up 303.5% | volatile |
| 169 | Montserrat | 36.84 million US dollar | 2025 | down 28.4% | falling |
| 170 | Sao Tome and Principe | 31.80 million US dollar | 2024 | down 69.8% | falling |
| 171 | Marshall Islands | 10.50 million US dollar | 2024 | up 108.2% | rising |
| 172 | Palau | 0 US dollar | 2022 | down 100.0% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Euro Area (EA) 2.09 trillion US dollar
- Curaçao and Sint Maarten 3.00 billion US dollar
- Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU) 2.19 billion US dollar
About this data
The International Investment Position (IIP) is a statistical statement that shows at a point in time the value of financial assets of residents of an economy that are claims on nonresidents or are gold bullion held as reserve assets; and the liabilities of residents of an economy to nonresidents.