Claims on central government, etc. (% GDP) in Middle income
Middle income: Claims on central government, etc. (% GDP) was 34.9% in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Claims on central government, etc. in Middle income, 1961–2024
Source: International Financial Statistics database, International Monetary Fund (IMF). Measured in % GDP.
Analysis
In 2024, claims on central government, etc. in Middle income stood at 34.9%. That is the highest value across all 64 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 7.6% on the previous year and up 194.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, claims on central government, etc. in Middle income peaked at 34.9% in 2024 and was at its lowest, 4.6%, in 1978.
That places Middle income 14th out of 47 groups with data for 2024, putting it in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Claims on central government, etc. (% GDP) in Middle income, year by year
| Year | % GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1961 | 8.0% | — |
| 1962 | 8.2% | +2.5% |
| 1963 | 8.4% | +2.4% |
| 1964 | 8.4% | -0.3% |
| 1965 | 8.6% | +2.3% |
| 1966 | 8.1% | -5.7% |
| 1967 | 8.3% | +2.7% |
| 1968 | 8.2% | -1.2% |
| 1969 | 8.2% | -0.3% |
| 1970 | 8.3% | +1.5% |
| 1971 | 8.2% | -1.4% |
| 1972 | 8.7% | +5.5% |
| 1973 | 8.3% | -4.4% |
| 1974 | 6.0% | -27.2% |
| 1975 | 7.0% | +15.5% |
| 1976 | 7.1% | +1.1% |
| 1977 | 5.2% | -26.7% |
| 1978 | 4.6% | -11.4% |
| 1979 | 6.4% | +39.7% |
| 1980 | 7.5% | +16.6% |
| 1981 | 8.6% | +15.4% |
| 1982 | 11.0% | +27.8% |
| 1983 | 11.4% | +3.3% |
| 1984 | 10.0% | -11.8% |
| 1985 | 9.6% | -4.3% |
| 1986 | 16.7% | +73.6% |
| 1987 | 16.8% | +1.1% |
| 1988 | 19.0% | +13.1% |
| 1989 | 21.8% | +14.2% |
| 1990 | 14.4% | -33.8% |
| 1991 | 12.1% | -16.1% |
| 1992 | 11.4% | -5.4% |
| 1993 | 9.8% | -13.8% |
| 1994 | 7.1% | -28.2% |
| 1995 | 6.9% | -1.9% |
| 1996 | 6.2% | -10.9% |
| 1997 | 7.5% | +21.4% |
| 1998 | 11.9% | +58.6% |
| 1999 | 13.8% | +15.8% |
| 2000 | 13.7% | -0.7% |
| 2001 | 16.1% | +17.6% |
| 2002 | 17.2% | +6.8% |
| 2003 | 16.6% | -3.0% |
| 2004 | 15.1% | -9.3% |
| 2005 | 13.5% | -10.7% |
| 2006 | 12.0% | -10.6% |
| 2007 | 12.1% | +0.3% |
| 2008 | 10.8% | -10.9% |
| 2009 | 12.7% | +18.5% |
| 2010 | 12.5% | -2.1% |
| 2011 | 12.0% | -3.7% |
| 2012 | 12.2% | +1.5% |
| 2013 | 11.4% | -6.8% |
| 2014 | 11.9% | +4.3% |
| 2015 | 15.0% | +26.7% |
| 2016 | 19.4% | +29.3% |
| 2017 | 21.2% | +9.2% |
| 2018 | 22.3% | +4.9% |
| 2019 | 23.9% | +7.3% |
| 2020 | 28.3% | +18.5% |
| 2021 | 27.8% | -1.7% |
| 2022 | 29.3% | +5.4% |
| 2023 | 32.5% | +10.8% |
| 2024 | 34.9% | +7.6% |
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Claims on central government, etc. (% GDP) in Middle income changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | +73.6% | 9.6% | 16.7% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 8.3% | 8.0% | 8.6% | 9 |
| 1970s | 7.0% | 4.6% | 8.7% | 10 |
| 1980s | 13.2% | 7.5% | 21.8% | 10 |
| 1990s | 10.1% | 6.2% | 14.4% | 10 |
| 2000s | 14.0% | 10.8% | 17.2% | 10 |
| 2010s | 16.2% | 11.4% | 23.9% | 10 |
| 2020s | 30.6% | 27.8% | 34.9% | 5 |
Countries ranked near Middle income
More financial sector data for Middle income
- Net migration -2.54 million (2025)
- Domestic credit to private sector by banks 120.0% (2024)
- Total reserves in months of imports 9.61 (2025)
- Monetary Sector credit to private sector 120.0% (2024)
- Broad money 158.9% (2024)
- Domestic credit to private sector 121.9% (2024)
- Total reserves in months of imports, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Total reserves in months of imports, annual growth rate 10 % change on previous year (2025)
- Net migration, annual growth rate 19.86 % change on previous year (2025)
- Total reserves in months of imports, per capita 0 units per person (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is claims on central government, etc. in Middle income?
- Claims on central government, etc. in Middle income was 34.9% in 2024, according to International Financial Statistics database, International Monetary Fund (IMF).
- What is the highest claims on central government, etc. recorded in Middle income?
- The highest recorded value was 34.9% in 2024.
- What is the lowest claims on central government, etc. recorded in Middle income?
- The lowest recorded value was 4.6% in 1978.
- How does Middle income rank for claims on central government, etc.?
- Middle income ranks 14th out of 47 groups with data for 2024.
- Is claims on central government, etc. rising or falling in Middle income?
- Over the last ten years it is up 194.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Middle income data come from?
- The figures come from International Financial Statistics database, International Monetary Fund (IMF), published as part of Claims on central government, etc. (% GDP). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Claims on central government include loans to central government institutions net of deposits. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.